Cystitis is an inflammatory disease of the mucous membrane of the bladder.The main types of cystitis are bacterial, viral, saline, aseptic, interstitial cystitis, radiation cystitis due to venous stagnation in the pelvic organs.This disease definitely needs treatment as a complication of cystitis to prevent the development of chronic process and secondary pyelonephritis.
Specialists of the clinic know how to diagnose cystitis at an early stage.Professional urologists prescribe effective and gentle therapy to quickly stop the symptoms of the disease and protect your health.
Classification of cystitis
In most cases, inflammation in the mucous membrane of the bladder occurs due to an infection in the body.In this case, acute cystitis is diagnosed.If the treatment tactics are wrong or the symptoms of the disease are ignored, acute cystitis can become chronic.In a chronic course, cystitis manifests itself as relapses: symptoms appear at the slightest weakening of the body and disappear indefinitely.
Urologists also distinguish:
- Infectious cystitis.Cystitis is often caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs).It can also be other infections that enter the bladder due to non-observance of personal hygiene.
- Traumatic cystitis.This type of cystitis is rare.The reason for the development of the inflammatory process can be any injury during medical and surgical procedures.For example, trauma during bladder catheterization.
- Chemical cystitis.It occurs due to excessive use of personal hygiene products and the use of strong drugs.Also, chemical cystitis is often diagnosed in patients receiving anti-cancer radiation or chemotherapy.
Primary cystitis is a manifestation of symptoms associated with primary bladder injury and bladder injury;secondary cystitis is associated with secondary damage of bacteria from the kidneys or changes in nearby organs and tissues.Occult kidney infection is often detected in women with symptoms of cystitis.In this case, we are talking about complicated cystitis in women.In addition, inflammation of the bladder can be the first manifestation of any urological disease or complicate its course.
Symptoms of cystitis
- frequent unproductive urge to urinate;
- burning and stinging at the end of urination;
- a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- cloudy, foamy urine mixed with mucus;
- unpleasant, sharp smell of urine;
- pain in urethra and pelvis.
If unpleasant symptoms occur, consult a specialist.Professional urologists will conduct a complete diagnosis, make a correct diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment.
Why does cystitis occur?
Cystitis in women is caused by bacterial, viral and parasitic microorganisms.Often, the causative agent of the disease is opportunistic intestinal microflora: Proteus, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Streptococcus.Intestinal flora entry into the bladder is facilitated by lack of personal hygiene, hypothermia, fatigue or illness, decreased immunity, and gastrointestinal tract pathology, which causes a violation of the ratio of opportunistic flora with lacto- and bifidobacteria.
Often, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause inflammation of the bladder lining.Due to some similar symptoms, when treating yourself, you can choose the wrong therapy that will only temporarily relieve the symptoms, but not eliminate the root cause.Therefore, doctors advise to seek qualified help.
One of the most unpleasant forms of cystitis for women is postcoital cystitis, which is caused by the entry of infectious agents into the urethra during sexual intercourse.Examination of both partners, consultation with a gynecologist and urologist, and a decision on the need for surgical treatment or correction of the soft tissues of the perineum using hyaluronic acid preparations are required.
Like many other diseases, cystitis can occur against the background of chronic neuropsychic stress, hormonal disorders and allergic diseases.The aggressive effect of the metabolites of certain drugs that are excreted in the urine and irritate the mucous membrane of the bladder can also cause symptoms of the disease.
Predisposing factors for the development of cystitis in women:
- congenital anomalies (urethral cysts, narrowing of the urethra);
- hypermobile urethra;
- genetic predisposition;
- incorrectly selected antibiotic therapy and hormonal therapy;
- frequent change of sexual partners;
- lack of contraception;
- non-observance of personal hygiene rules;
- pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.
Diagnosis of the disease
If at least one symptom of cystitis is detected, the patient is recommended to consult a urologist.Both female and male urologists work in the clinic to ensure the maximum comfort of patients.At the first meeting, the doctor will examine your medical history in detail, listen to complaints and ask questions about previous diseases of the genitourinary system.
Laboratory and instrumental research methods are performed in accordance with modern clinical recommendations in urology in order to confirm the diagnosis of cystitis and exclude serious diseases of the bladder (cancer, tuberculosis).Your doctor may suggest the following tests to diagnose cystitis:
- bacteriological examination of urine;
- Urine PCR for intracellular and viral infections;
- Ultrasound of kidneys and bladder;
- CT and MRI with contrast;
- cystoscopy;
- urodynamic study (uroflowmetry).
The medical center is equipped with the most modern diagnostic equipment.A cystoscope is often used for diagnostic purposes in urology.Uretrocystoscopy is a high-precision endoscopic examination of the genitourinary system, which makes it possible to diagnose cystitis.Diagnostic methods such as ultrasound also provide detailed information about the state of the urinary system.
In women, cystitis is often associated with gynecological diseases such as colpitis or bacterial vaginosis.In older women, cystitis is associated with menopause.With this in mind, the urologist may refer the woman to a gynecologist.
The scope of the diagnosis depends on the symptoms, accompanying diseases and the medical history of the patient.Do not refuse to take the test.In order to make a correct diagnosis and prescribe an effective treatment, it is important for the doctor to determine the root cause of the disease.
All research in the medical center is carried out using modern, high-tech, expert-class equipment.Experienced specialists will help diagnose the disease at an early, asymptomatic stage to ensure timely quality treatment.
Treatment of cystitis
Treatment of cystitis, which can have minor or severe symptoms, is not recommended without consulting an experienced urologist.
Complex treatment is indicated for cystitis, which will not only eliminate the pathogen and eliminate the inflammatory process, but also protect local immunity.As a rule, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.It is extremely important to follow all the doctor's instructions and complete the treatment.After the drugs are prescribed, the symptoms of cystitis disappear within 2-3 days, but this does not mean that the cause of the disease has been eliminated.Only complete treatment can guarantee that the disease does not progress to the chronic stage.
Control studies based on the results of treatment should be carried out within a week after the end of treatment, their volume is determined by the doctor in each individual case.
Self-medication can lead to chronic inflammation, aggravation of the condition, involvement of the kidneys in the inflammatory process.Chronic inflammation increases the risk of cancer.Unsupervised use of antibacterial therapy and any other drugs without a doctor's prescription is unacceptable.
Complications of cystitis
If the treatment is incorrect or in the advanced stage of chronic cystitis, the following complications are possible:
- urinary incontinence;
- vesicoureteral reflux;
- pyelonephritis;
- systalgia.
Physiotherapy for cystitis
In the treatment of chronic and acute cystitis in women, physiotherapy has shown special effectiveness as an adjuvant treatment.Physiotherapy helps to improve blood flow, stimulate microcirculation and normalize venous flow.Procedures strengthen the effect of drug treatment, help to prevent cystitis.The doctor may recommend:
- ozone therapy;
- electrophoresis;
- magnetic therapy;
- ultrasound therapy.
All physiotherapy treatments can be completed in a specialized clinic under the supervision of experienced physiotherapists.
Advantages of treating cystitis in a modern clinic
- Specialists will conduct a complete diagnosis, make a correct diagnosis and prescribe a comprehensive treatment.
- Tests, treatment, rehabilitation - everything is available in one clinic.
- The clinic offers effective physiotherapy for quick rehabilitation after treatment.
Prevention of cystitis
Urologists recommend that women undergo preventive examinations and tests by a gynecologist and urologist every year.This will allow you to determine the presence of inflammation in the body in time and prescribe treatment.Often, diseases of the genitourinary system "do no harm" and are asymptomatic.
Also, to prevent cystitis in women, the following is recommended:
- avoid hypothermia;
- use contraception;
- observe the rules of personal hygiene;
- be sure to rinse the external genitalia under running water before and after intercourse;
- avoid traumatic sexual positions that can damage the urethra;
- wear loose underwear that does not interfere with blood flow and lymphatic drainage;
- treat any disease of the genitourinary system immediately.